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Shuang Fu Shuang Fu Skillit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1, *, Wenzhong Li Wenzhong Li Skillit Preprints.org Google Scholar 2 and Shengzhong Jiang Shengzhong Jiang Skillit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1
Received: September 25, 2022 / Revised: October 25, 2022 / Accepted: October 31, 2022 / Published: November 1, 2022
Based on provincial panel data from 2008 to 2019, this paper constructs a mediated effect model to theoretically and empirically analyze the impact of China’s agricultural insurance development on the nutritional status of rural residents. This study found that agricultural insurance significantly affects the nutritional status of rural residents through two mediators: increased income levels and regional crop diversity. Meanwhile, there is regional heterogeneity in the impact of agricultural insurance on the nutritional status of rural residents. Overall, this paper argues that agricultural insurance should be a tool to improve the nutritional status of rural residents in China. In particular, the nutritional health of rural residents and its complex implications should be considered in the process of designing and implementing policy-based agricultural insurance. Therefore, this paper suggests that although agricultural insurance can facilitate stability and income generation for rural residents, relevant stakeholders should also raise awareness, demand of the importance of nutrition and health, and improve the product supply structure to agriculture. Should be adapted.
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In recent years, the nutritional status of urban and rural residents in China has improved significantly. However, under the influence of factors such as insufficient and uneven levels of economic and social development, urbanization, and aging of the population, China still faces problems such as malnutrition, overnutrition, and the prevalence of nutrition-related diseases [1]. These problems not only challenge human health but also reduce the quality of human life as well as work productivity [2]. This increases the risk of economic volatility and even threatens social stability.
Significantly, the imbalance between China’s urban and rural development is reflected in aspects such as food consumption and nutritional status. According to the Chinese Bureau of Statistics, in 2020, the per capita consumption of meat, eggs, milk and fruits and vegetables was only 72.1% by rural residents and 79.5% by urban residents. It does not meet the standard of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016). The income level and food consumption level of rural residents are generally lower than those of urban residents. Solving the problems of unequal food consumption and unbalanced nutrient intake between urban and rural residents and preventing the risk of poverty due to disease are crucial for eradicating poverty and revitalizing China’s rural areas. It is also an important task to achieve the goal of “significantly narrowing the gap between urban and rural regional development and the living standards of residents” in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
Current literature has explored the ways in which they affect the nutritional status of populations. In general, increasing income is the most direct way to increase nutrient levels [3]. Furthermore, economic development, agricultural production, urbanization, household consumption habits, infrastructure status, and educational attainment are important factors that influence nutritional status [4, 5, 6, 7, 8].
Agricultural insurance is an important tool to prevent agricultural risks and improve the welfare of farmers. Existing literature focuses on the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’ income generation [9, 10, 11], consumption smoothing [12], and production decisions [13, 14, 15]. There is a deep connection between agriculture, nutrition and health. By influencing farmers’ production decisions, agricultural insurance not only improves the income levels of farming households, but can also affect the nutritional status of rural residents through complex cause-effect relationships.
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There is little empirical evidence from China on whether agricultural insurance can improve the nutritional status of rural residents. Relevant literature on this topic mainly comes from studies in other countries [16]. Up to now, China’s policy-based agricultural insurance has been running for more than 10 years and has undergone a major transformation from pilot coverage to full coverage. Has policy-based agricultural insurance in China improved the nutritional status of rural residents? In addition to stabilizing food production and guaranteeing farmers’ income, if agricultural insurance can play a certain role in promoting the nutritional improvement of rural residents, this “value-added effect” should be taken into account when appointing policies. should go.
Considering the background of people’s increasing need for a better life and the contradiction between uneven and inadequate development in the new era of China’s social development, this paper aims to examine whether China’s agricultural insurance system can improve the nutritional status of rural residents. in favor of improvement. In addition, this document provides reference for future agricultural insurance policy formulation and product design.
In this section, we discuss two factors – income level and crop diversity – that mediate the impact of agricultural insurance on the nutritional status of rural residents.
Agricultural income from agricultural holdings constitutes an important part of the income of the rural population. Adverse effects on agricultural production may lead to large fluctuations in the income and consumption levels of rural households. To mitigate the impact of these risk shocks, rural households adopt risk-averse strategies, such as avoiding high-risk and high-profit agricultural activities, maintaining precautionary savings, and reducing productive investments [17].
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Agricultural insurance can effectively mitigate risk shocks in agricultural production and stabilize farmers’ income levels. Small farmers are less able to take risks in terms of production. Without agricultural insurance, they often do not have the rational option of engaging in risky activities. Agricultural insurance improves the sustainability of agricultural production and operations, helps reduce the difficulty of financing agribusiness entities and facilitates the expansion of the scale of production. In addition, it improves production efficiency and performance and achieves the effect of stabilizing and increasing income levels. In terms of loss compensation, insured farmers receive insurance payments to cover their economic losses after a disaster and can also use the payments to purchase production materials to quickly recover production, which farmers plays an important role in stabilizing the income of [18].
In general, the insured should not receive additional benefits from indemnity insurance. However, on the basis of actuarial equilibrium, policy-based agricultural insurance has a transfer payment function because it receives financial support from the government, which achieves the effect of increasing farmers’ income by ‘stabilizing their income’ [19]. The per capita income levels in this article come from China’s national statistical data. Agricultural insurance claims will be directly included in the real income of rural residents, which undoubtedly increases the income level of statistical data.
Raising income levels is the most direct way to increase food consumption and improve the food consumption structure of rural residents. A part of the food of the rural population is self-produced and some part is purchased from the market. Markets provide an important means of obtaining high quality food. Agricultural insurance helps in increasing the income level of farming families and reducing the income constraint on food consumption. This helps more families purchase better quality food in the market; It is the main determinant of the quality of their diet and the nutritional status of the population.
Consumption expenditure is characterized by decline in relation to income growth, and the marginal propensity to consume varies according to income group. Food consumption is a significant portion of consumer spending. The income elasticity of food consumption is low because it is limited by the physical conditions of the individual, and again the income elasticity of food.
